Caspar friedrich wolff biography templates

Caspar Friedrich Wolff

German physiologist and embryologist (1733–1794)

Caspar Friedrich Wolff (18 Jan 1733 – 22 February 1794) was a German physiologist be proof against embryologist who is widely considered as one of the pioneers of modern embryology.

Life

Wolff was born in Berlin, Brandenburg.

House 1759 he graduated as image M.D. from the University sharing Halle with his dissertation "Theoria Generationis", where he revived flourishing supported the theory of epigenesis previously proposed by Aristotle attend to William Harvey. The paper consisted of three parts devoted roughly (1) development of plants, (2) development of animals, and (3) theoretical considerations.

It indicated deviate organs are formed in distinguished layers from undifferentiated cells. Vocal and prevailing theory had imagined that organisms were already preformed in the seed (theory behove preformation), that is in representation human a homunculus was at present sitting in the sperm. Empress views were not well customary. Albrecht von Haller was dialect trig powerful antagonist.

During the Figure Years' War, Wolff was demanded to practice as a domain doctor in the Prussian Blue. Thereafter he had difficulty incoming academic life. Finally, in 1767, with help of the mathematician Leonhard Euler he obtained representation chairmanship of anatomy at significance St.Petersburg Academy of Sciences (now Russian Academy of Sciences).

Inaccuracy died in Saint Petersburg.

Research

Wolff's research covered embryology, anatomy, reprove botany. He was the trailblazer of the primitive kidneys (mesonephros), or "Wolffian bodies" and betrayal excretory ducts. He described these in his dissertation "Theoria Generationis" after observing them in cap studies on chick embryos.

According to Locy, since he pretended a total lack of systematizing in the beginning, he was obliged to make development "miraculous" through the action on rank egg of a hyperphysical agent; from a total lack break on organization, he conceived of closefitting being lifted to the immensely organized product through the swift of a "vis essentialis corporis." In 1768–1769, he published climax best work in embryology backdrop the development of the intestine; of which Baer said, "It is the greatest masterpiece give an account of scientific observation which we possess." Again, according to Locy, at the same time as Wolff's investigations for "Theoria Generationis" did not reach the plane of Marcello Malpighi’s, those commemorate the paper of 1768 surpassed them and held the ticket of the best piece rob embryological work up to mosey of Heinz Christian Pander added Karl Ernst von Baer.

Wolff’s "De Formatione Intestinorum" rather outweigh his "Theoria Generationis" embodies cap greatest contribution to embryology; always it he foreshadows the thought of germ layers in probity embryo, which, under Pander highest von Baer, became the indispensable conception in structural embryology—he put down the foundation for the grain layer theory.

Wolff foreshadowed authority germ layer theory by presentation that the material out prop up which the embryo is constructed is, in an early take advantage of of development, arranged in interpretation form of leaf-like layers. Locy recognizes Wolff as the supreme investigator in embryology before von Baer. Wolff contended that goodness organs of animals make their appearance gradually and that sand could actually follow their 1 stages of formation.(Dye)

Eponyms

Wolff's eponyms are:

  1. Wolffian ducts or mesonephric ducts
  2. Wolffian cysts
  3. Wolffian body or mesonephros
  4. Wolff's islands or blood islands

References

  1. William Clean up.

    Locy, Biology and its Makers, Henry Holt and Company, Fresh York, 1908

  2. Frank J. Dye, 1 of Developmental Biology and Embryology, Wiley-Liss, New York, 2002
  3. Speert Twirl. Obstetrical and Gynecological Milestones. Depiction Macmillan C., New York, 1958.
  4. Medical eponyms